‘[T]he good that intellect desires to win’ is a phrase much influenced – as is so much of Dante’s thinking – by Aristotle’s Ethics. Aristotle writes in the Nicomachean Ethics 6: 2: 1139 a:

What affirmation and negation are in thinking, pursuit and avoidance are in desire; so that since moral virtue is a state of character concerned with choice, and choice is deliberate desire, therefore must the reasoning be true and the desire right, if the choice is to be good, and the latter must pursue just what the former asserts. Now this kind of intellect and of truth is practical. But of the intellect which is contemplative, not practical nor productive, the good and bad state are truth and falsity respectively…The origin of action…is choice, and that of choice is desire and reasoning with a view to an end.

— The Divine Comedy of Dante Alighieri: The Florentine/Cantica III by Dante Alighieri